India pushes sustainability-focused development framework at G20 Summit

At the G20 Summit hosted in Johannesburg, Prime Minister Narendra Modi emphasized the need to rethink global development frameworks to ensure that economic progress does not come at the cost of environmental degradation. He argued that traditional growth models have deprived large populations of fair access to resources while contributing to the over-exploitation of nature. Modi presented this shift through the lens of “Integral Humanism,” a philosophy that views the individual, society, and nature as part of a unified ecosystem, calling for development that is people-centric, balanced, and environmentally responsible. A key sustainability proposal was the G20 Critical Minerals Circularity Initiative, which seeks to reduce dependency on primary mineral extraction through measures like urban mining, recycling, resource circularity, second-life battery projects, and innovation. This initiative aligns with broader global efforts to secure supply chains for the clean energy transition without increasing ecological stress. Another major initiative was the G20 Open Satellite Data Partnership, designed to make satellite data available to developing nations. This would support climate resilience and sustainability applications including smarter agriculture, improved fisheries management, disaster response, urban planning, and environmental monitoring. Modi also called for the creation of a Global Traditional Knowledge Repository, noting that many indigenous and historical knowledge systems embody environmentally conscious living, ecological balance, cultural preservation, and sustainable resource use. He stressed that such wisdom can contribute to more resilient development pathways worldwide. The G20 Leaders’ Declaration carried forward several sustainability priorities championed by India, including enhanced climate finance language, recognition of the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI), and inclusion of the LiFE (Lifestyle for Environment) framework. These platforms collectively advocate for sustainable consumption, green transition, and climate-resilient urban development. In line with the South African G20 presidency focus, the summit highlighted debt sustainability for low-income nations, mobilizing finance for just energy transition, strengthening disaster response mechanisms, and leveraging critical minerals for sustainable growth. Modi reiterated the importance of Africa in the global development narrative, arguing that inclusive and environmentally responsible growth is necessary for lasting prosperity. Overall, India’s interventions at the summit positioned sustainability—not just economic expansion—as central to future global development parameters, urging world leaders to adopt approaches rooted in circular resource use, climate responsibility, and ecological harmony.